It is a condition of the shoulder characterized by functional loss of passive and active shoulder motion with no clear underlying cause.
Causes -
- Injury to the shoulder.
- Chronic health conditions such as diabetes or stroke.
- Prolonged immobilization due to surgery, fracture or any other trauma.
Symptoms -
- often insidious onset of general shoulder pain preceding any noticeable loss of motion.
- variable character and severity of pain, loss of motion dependent on the stage of disease at presentation.
- freezing: insidious onset of pain at rest and with movement, difficulty sleeping
- frozen: pain lessens but significant motion limitations affecting ADLs
- thawing: pain is gone and motion improves but less than normal
Investigations -
- A thorough physical examination.
- Xray
- MRI
Treatment -
- Medications
- Physiotherapy
- Operative
